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1
Chop the onion and sauté it in extra virgin olive oil in a pan over medium heat.
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Smash and chop the garlic, then add it to the pan and mix with the onion.
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Add fresh thyme and mix everything together to develop the aromatics.
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Add a small amount of sugar to balance the acidity of the tomato that will be added later.
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Add cinnamon and cloves, stirring to incorporate the spices throughout.
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Add the minced beef to the pan, breaking it apart with a spatula until browned.
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Season with salt and black pepper. Add red chili flakes if desired for heat.
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Add tomato paste and stir, then add grated tomato and mix well.
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Lower the heat and simmer for 10 to 15 minutes until the sauce becomes thick and rich.
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Heat vegetable oil in another pan. Cut eggplant into thin slices and deep fry until cooked through, then drain on paper towels.
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Repeat the same process with zucchini and potatoes, ensuring each vegetable is fully cooked and well-drained.
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Add fresh basil (if desired) and fresh parsley to the meat sauce and mix well.
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Make the béchamel sauce: melt butter in a pot and whisk in flour to form a paste.
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Gradually add milk in batches, whisking constantly after each addition to prevent lumps.
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Season the sauce with freshly ground nutmeg, salt, and black pepper.
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When bubbles appear on the surface of the sauce, remove from heat and stir in cheese and egg yolks until fully combined.
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Mix a small amount of béchamel sauce into the meat sauce to thicken it and help bind the layers together.
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Arrange potato slices as the first layer in a baking dish and season with salt.
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Layer eggplant slices on top, season with salt, then add zucchini slices to create the vegetable bed.
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Spread the prepared meat sauce evenly over the vegetable layers.
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Spread the hot béchamel sauce evenly over the meat sauce, ensuring complete coverage.
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Optional: top with breadcrumbs or cheese for a golden finish.
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Bake in a preheated 180°C (fan-forced) oven for 35 to 40 minutes until the top is golden brown.
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Remove from the oven and let rest for at least 1 hour at room temperature before serving to allow all layers to set and meld.
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